Chemical Fertilizer Imports Jump 12.8%: Impact on Nepal’s Agriculture Sector

Nepal’s imports of chemical fertilizers rose by 12.8% in the first month of 2025/26, reaching Rs. 6.97 billioncompared to Rs. 6.18 billion in the same period of the previous year. Fertilizers accounted for 4.9% of the country’s total imports, making it one of the most crucial items for the agrarian economy of Nepal.

The rise in imports is directly linked to the country’s heavy dependence on foreign fertilizer supplies, as Nepal lacks large-scale domestic production. Agriculture experts say the increase reflects higher demand from farmers preparing for the paddy harvesting season and the sowing of winter crops. Fertilizers like urea, DAP, and potash remain essential inputs for increasing crop productivity, particularly in rice, maize, and wheat cultivation.

However, this surge also highlights Nepal’s vulnerability. Farmers across the country face frequent fertilizer shortages, price fluctuations, and delays in government distribution mechanisms, which often lead to protests during peak farming seasons. Though imports have risen, timely delivery to rural farmers remains a challenge. Economists caution that such dependence on imported fertilizers not only strains foreign exchange reserves but also exposes the agriculture sector to global price volatility.

At the same time, policymakers argue that increased fertilizer imports could help boost yields and stabilize food supply, reducing reliance on rice and grain imports. If properly managed, the growth in fertilizer availability may strengthen Nepal’s food security and rural income.