NRB Yearly Survey 2025: Key Insights on Assets, Liabilities, and Monetary Stability

Nepal Rastra Bank’s (NRB) Central Bank Survey for August 2025 paints a comprehensive picture of the country’s monetary health, showing notable improvements in foreign reserves, asset growth, and fiscal coordination. According to the report, NRB’s total assets surged to Rs. 2.76 trillion, marking a strong 31.9% annual growth, driven primarily by rising foreign exchange holdings and gold investments. The bank’s foreign assets climbed to Rs. 2.65 trillion, up by a remarkable 33.3% compared to the previous year, signaling Nepal’s strengthened external position and effective foreign exchange management.

On the liabilities side, NRB’s reserve money expanded by 13.9%, reaching Rs. 1.09 trillion, mainly due to higher currency circulation and increased deposits by commercial and development banks. Government deposits at NRB also grew by Rs. 34.1 billion (17.7%), reflecting improved fiscal discipline and budgetary balance. Meanwhile, the Deposit Auction Facility doubled to Rs. 656 billion, underscoring the central bank’s active role in absorbing liquidity from the financial system to maintain monetary stability.

The data also reveal a sharp rise in capital and reserves, which grew by 6.8% to Rs. 41.9 billion, demonstrating the central bank’s improving financial resilience. However, claims on the government dropped sharply by 40.9%, as NRB reduced its exposure to short-term Treasury Bills and long-term Development Bonds. This shift indicates a cautious monetary stance, prioritizing liquidity management over fiscal lending.

Economists view this year’s survey as a clear reflection of NRB’s balancing act between maintaining external stabilityand ensuring domestic liquidity. The combination of record-high reserves and prudent monetary operations has reinforced Nepal’s economic confidence, even as credit growth and fiscal risks remain under watch.